11 USC App: Front Matter
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11 USC App: Front Matter
From Title 11-AppendixFEDERAL RULES OF BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURE
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FEDERAL RULES OF BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURE

(Effective August 1, 1983, as amended to December 1, 2024)

Historical Note

The Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure were adopted by order of the Supreme Court on Apr. 25, 1983, transmitted to Congress by the Chief Justice on the same day, and became effective Aug. 1, 1983.

The Rules have been amended Aug. 30, 1983, Pub. L. 98–91, §2(a), 97 Stat. 607 , eff. Aug. 1, 1983; July 10, 1984, Pub. L. 98–353, title III, §321, 98 Stat. 357 ; Apr. 29, 1985, eff. Aug. 1, 1985; Mar. 30, 1987, eff. Aug. 1, 1987; Apr. 25, 1989, eff. Aug. 1, 1989; Apr. 30, 1991, eff. Aug. 1, 1991; Apr. 22, 1993, eff. Aug. 1, 1993; Apr. 29, 1994, eff. Aug. 1, 1994; Oct. 22, 1994, Pub. L. 103–394, title I, §114, 108 Stat. 4118 ; Apr. 27, 1995, eff. Dec. 1, 1995; Apr. 23, 1996, eff. Dec. 1, 1996; Apr. 11, 1997, eff. Dec. 1, 1997; Apr. 26, 1999, eff. Dec. 1, 1999; Apr. 17, 2000, eff. Dec. 1, 2000; Apr. 23, 2001, eff. Dec. 1, 2001; Apr. 29, 2002, eff. Dec. 1, 2002; Mar. 27, 2003, eff. Dec. 1, 2003; Apr. 26, 2004, eff. Dec. 1, 2004; Apr. 25, 2005, eff. Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 12, 2006, eff. Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 30, 2007, eff. Dec. 1, 2007; Apr. 23, 2008, eff. Dec. 1, 2008; Mar. 26, 2009, eff. Dec. 1, 2009; Apr. 28, 2010, eff. Dec. 1, 2010; Apr. 26, 2011, eff. Dec. 1, 2011; Apr. 23, 2012, eff. Dec. 1, 2012; Apr. 16, 2013, eff. Dec. 1, 2013; Apr. 25, 2014, eff. Dec. 1, 2014; Apr. 29, 2015, eff. Dec. 1, 2015; Apr. 28, 2016, eff. Dec. 1, 2016; Apr. 27, 2017, eff. Dec. 1, 2017; Apr. 26, 2018, eff. Dec. 1, 2018; Apr. 25, 2019, eff. Dec. 1, 2019; Apr. 27, 2020, eff. Dec. 1, 2020; Apr. 14, 2021, eff. Dec. 1, 2021; Apr. 11, 2022, eff. Dec. 1, 2022; Apr. 24, 2023, eff. Dec. 1, 2023; Apr. 2, 2024, eff. Dec. 1, 2024.


Rule
1001.
Scope; Title; Citations; References to a Specific Form.

        

PART I. COMMENCING A BANKRUPTCY CASE; THE PETITION, THE ORDER FOR RELIEF, AND RELATED MATTERS

1002.
Commencing a Bankruptcy Case.
1003.
Involuntary Petition: Transferred Claims; Joining Other Creditors; Additional Time to Join.
1004.
Involuntary Petition Against a Partnership.
1004.1.
Voluntary Petition on Behalf of an Infant or Incompetent Person.
1004.2.
Petition in a Chapter 15 Case.
1005.
Caption of a Petition; Title of the Case.
1006.
Filing Fee.
1007.
Lists, Schedules, Statements, and Other Documents; Time to File.
1008.
Requirement to Verify Petitions and Accompanying Documents.
1009.
Amending a Voluntary Petition, List, Schedule, or Statement.
1010.
Serving an Involuntary Petition and Summons.
1011.
Responsive Pleading in an Involuntary Case; Effect of a Motion.
1012.
Contesting a Petition in a Chapter 15 Case.
1013.
Contested Petition in an Involuntary Case; Default.
1014.
Transferring a Case to Another District; Dismissing a Case Improperly Filed.
1015.
Consolidating or Jointly Administering Cases Pending in the Same District.
1016.
Death or Incompetency of a Debtor.
1017.
Dismissing a Case; Suspending Proceedings; Converting a Case to Another Chapter.
1018.
Contesting a Petition in an Involuntary or Chapter 15 Case; Vacating an Order for Relief; Applying Part VII Rules.
1019.
Converting or Reconverting a Chapter 11, 12, or 13 Case to Chapter 7.
1020.
Designating a Chapter 11 Debtor as a Small Business Debtor.
1021.
Designating a Chapter 7, 9, or 11 Case as a Health Care Business Case.

        

PART II. OFFICERS AND ADMINISTRATION; NOTICES; MEETINGS; EXAMINATIONS; ELECTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS; FINAL REPORT; COMPENSATION

2001.
Appointing an Interim Trustee Before the Order for Relief in an Involuntary Chapter 7 Case.
2002.
Notices.
2003.
Meeting of Creditors or Equity Security Holders.
2004.
Examinations.
2005.
Apprehending and Removing a Debtor for Examination.
2006.
Soliciting and Voting Proxies in a Chapter 7 Case.
2007.
Reviewing the Appointment of a Creditors' Committee Organized Before a Chapter 9 or 11 Case Is Commenced.
2007.1.
Appointing a Trustee or Examiner in a Chapter 11 Case.
2007.2.
Appointing a Patient-Care Ombudsman in a Health Care Business Case.
2008.
Notice to the Person Selected as Trustee.
2009.
Trustees for Jointly Administered Estates.
2010.
Blanket Bond; Proceedings on the Bond.
2011.
Evidence That a Debtor Is a Debtor in Possession or That a Trustee Has Qualified.
2012.
Substituting a Trustee in a Chapter 11 or 12 Case; Successor Trustee in a Pending Proceeding.
2013.
Keeping a Public Record of Compensation Awarded by the Court to Examiners, Trustees, and Professionals.
2014.
Employing Professionals.
2015.
Duty to Keep Records, Make Reports, and Give Notices.
2015.1.
Patient-Care Ombudsman.
2015.2.
Transferring a Patient in a Health Care Business Case.
2015.3.
Reporting Financial Information About Entities in Which a Chapter 11 Estate Holds a Substantial or Controlling Interest.
2016.
Compensation for Services Rendered; Reimbursing Expenses.
2017.
Examining Transactions Between a Debtor and the Debtor's Attorney.
2018.
Intervention by an Interested Entity; Right to Be Heard.
2019.
Disclosures by Groups, Committees, and Other Entities in a Chapter 9 or 11 Case.
2020.
Reviewing an Act by a United States Trustee.

        

PART III. CLAIMS; PLANS; DISTRIBUTIONS TO CREDITORS AND EQUITY SECURITY HOLDERS

3001.
Proof of Claim.
3002.
Filing a Proof of Claim or Interest.
3002.1.
Notice Relating to Claims Secured by a Security Interest in the Debtor's Principal Residence in a Chapter 13 Case.
3003.
Chapter 9 or 11-Filing a Proof of Claim or Equity Interest.
3004.
Proof of Claim Filed by the Debtor or Trustee for a Creditor.
3005.
Filing a Proof of Claim or Accepting or Rejecting a Plan by a Surety, Endorser, Guarantor, or Other Codebtor.
3006.
Withdrawing a Proof of Claim; Effect on a Plan.
3007.
Objecting to a Claim.
3008.
Reconsidering an Order Allowing or Disallowing a Claim.
3009.
Chapter 7-Paying Dividends.
3010.
Chapter 7, Subchapter V of Chapter 11, Chapter 12, and Chapter 13-Limits on Small Dividends and Payments.
3011.
Chapter 7, Subchapter V of Chapter 11, Chapter 12, and Chapter 13-Listing Unclaimed Funds.
3012.
Determining the Amount of a Secured or Priority Claim.
3013.
Determining Classes of Creditors and Equity Security Holders.
3014.
Chapter 9 or 11-Secured Creditors' Election to Apply §1111(b).
3015.
Chapter 12 or 13-Time to File a Plan; Nonstandard Provisions; Objection to Confirmation; Effect of Confirmation; Modifying a Plan.
3015.1.
Requirements for a Local Form for a Chapter 13 Plan.
3016.
Chapter 9 or 11-Plan and Disclosure Statement.
3017.
Chapter 9 or 11-Hearing on a Disclosure Statement and Plan.
3017.1.
Disclosure Statement in a Small Business Case or a Case Under Subchapter V of Chapter 11.
3017.2.
Setting Dates in a Case Under Subchapter V of Chapter 11 in Which There Is No Disclosure Statement.
3018.
Chapter 9 or 11-Accepting or Rejecting a Plan.
3019.
Chapter 9 or 11-Modifying a Plan.
3020.
In a Chapter 11 Case, Depositing Funds Before the Plan is Confirmed; Confirmation in a Chapter 9 or 11 Case.
3021.
Distributing Funds Under a Plan.
3022.
Chapter 11-Final Decree.

        

PART IV. THE DEBTOR'S DUTIES AND BENEFITS

4001.
Relief from the Automatic Stay; Prohibiting or Conditioning the Use, Sale, or Lease of Property; Using Cash Collateral; Obtaining Credit; Various Agreements.
4002.
Debtor's Duties.
4003.
Exemptions.
4004.
Granting or Denying a Discharge.
4005.
Burden of Proof in Objecting to a Discharge.
4006.
Notice When No Discharge Is Granted.
4007.
Determining Whether a Debt Is Dischargeable.
4008.
Reaffirmation Agreement and Supporting Statement.

        

PART V. COURTS AND CLERKS

5001.
Court Operations; Clerks' Offices.
5002.
Restrictions on Approving Court Appointments.
5003.
Records to Be Kept by the Clerk.
5004.
Disqualifying a Bankruptcy Judge.
5005.
Filing Papers and Sending Copies to the United States Trustee.
5006.
Providing Certified Copies.
5007.
Record of Proceedings; Transcripts.
5008.
Chapter 7-Notice That a Presumption of Abuse Has Arisen Under §707(b).
5009.
Closing a Chapter 7, 12, 13, or 15 Case; Declaring Liens Satisfied.
5010.
Reopening a Case.
5011.
Motion to Withdraw a Case or Proceeding or to Abstain from Hearing a Proceeding; Staying a Proceeding.
5012.
Chapter 15-Agreement to Coordinate Proceedings.

        

PART VI. COLLECTING AND LIQUIDATING THE ESTATE

6001.
Burden of Proving the Validity of a Postpetition Transfer.
6002.
Custodian's Report to the United States Trustee.
6003.
Prohibition on Granting Certain Applications and Motions Made Immediately After the Petition Is Filed.
6004.
Use, Sale, or Lease of Property.
6005.
Employing an Appraiser or Auctioneer.
6006.
Assuming, Rejecting, or Assigning an Executory Contract or Unexpired Lease.
6007.
Abandoning or Disposing of Property.
6008.
Redeeming Property from a Lien or a Sale to Enforce a Lien.
6009.
Right of the Trustee or Debtor in Possession to Prosecute and Defend Proceedings.
6010.
Avoiding an Indemnifying Lien or a Transfer to a Surety.
6011.
Claiming Patient Records Scheduled for Destruction in a Health-Care-Business Case.

        

PART VII. ADVERSARY PROCEEDINGS

7001.
Types of Adversary Proceedings.
7002.
References to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
7003.
Commencing an Adversary Proceeding.
7004.
Process; Issuing and Serving a Summons and Complaint.
7005.
Serving and Filing Pleadings and Other Papers.
7007.
Pleadings Allowed.
7007.1.
Corporate Ownership Statement.
7008.
General Rules of Pleading.
7009.
Pleading Special Matters.
7010.
Form of Pleadings in an Adversary Proceeding.
7012.
Defenses; Effect of a Motion; Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings and Other Procedural Matters.
7013.
Counterclaim and Crossclaim.
7014.
Third-Party Practice.
7015.
Amended and Supplemental Pleadings.
7016.
Pretrial Procedures.
7017.
Plaintiff and Defendant; Capacity; Public Officers.
7018.
Joinder of Claims.
7019.
Required Joinder of Parties.
7020.
Permissive Joinder of Parties.
7021.
Misjoinder and Nonjoinder of Parties.
7022.
Interpleader.
7023.
Class Actions.
7023.1.
Derivative Actions.
7023.2.
Adversary Proceedings Relating to Unincorporated Associations.
7024.
Intervention.
7025.
Substitution of Parties.
7026.
Duty to Disclose; General Provisions Governing Discovery.
7027.
Depositions to Perpetuate Testimony.
7028.
Persons Before Whom Depositions May Be Taken.
7029.
Stipulations About Discovery Procedure.
7030.
Depositions by Oral Examination.
7031.
Depositions by Written Questions.
7032.
Using Depositions in Court Proceedings.
7033.
Interrogatories to Parties.
7034.
Producing Documents, Electronically Stored Information, and Tangible Things, or Entering onto Land, for Inspection and Other Purposes.
7035.
Physical and Mental Examinations.
7036.
Requests for Admission.
7037.
Failure to Make Disclosures or to Cooperate in Discovery; Sanctions.
7040.
Scheduling Cases for Trial.
7041.
Dismissing Adversary Proceedings.
7042.
Consolidating Adversary Proceedings; Separate Trials.
7052.
Findings and Conclusions by the Court; Judgment on Partial Findings.
7054.
Judgments; Costs.
7055.
Default; Default Judgment.
7056.
Summary Judgment.
7058.
Entering Judgment.
7062.
Stay of Proceedings to Enforce a Judgment.
7064.
Seizing a Person or Property.
7065.
Injunctions.
7067.
Deposit into Court.
7068.
Offer of Judgment.
7069.
Execution.
7070.
Enforcing a Judgment for a Specific Act; Vesting Title.
7071.
Enforcing Relief for or Against a Nonparty.
7087.
Transferring an Adversary Proceeding.

        

PART VIII. APPEAL TO A DISTRICT COURT OR A BANKRUPTCY APPELLATE PANEL

8001.
Scope; Definition of "BAP"; Sending Documents Electronically.
8002.
Time to File a Notice of Appeal.
8003.
Appeal as of Right-How Taken; Docketing the Appeal.
8004.
Leave to Appeal from an Interlocutory Order or Decree Under 28 U.S.C. §158(a)(3).
8005.
Election to Have an Appeal Heard in the District Court Instead of the BAP.
8006.
Certifying a Direct Appeal to a Court of Appeals.
8007.
Stay Pending Appeal; Bond; Suspending Proceedings.
8008.
Indicative Rulings.
8009.
Record on Appeal; Sealed Documents.
8010.
Transcribing the Proceedings; Filing the Transcript; Sending the Record.
8011.
Filing and Service; Signature.
8012.
Disclosure Statement.
8013.
Motions; Intervention.
8014.
Briefs.
8015.
Form and Length of a Brief; Form of an Appendix or Other Paper.
8016.
Cross-Appeals.
8017.
Brief of an Amicus Curiae.
8018.
Serving and Filing Briefs and Appendices.
8018.1.
Reviewing a Judgment That the Bankruptcy Court Lacked Authority to Enter.
8019.
Oral Argument.
8020.
Frivolous Appeal; Other Misconduct.
8021.
Costs.
8022.
Motion for Rehearing.
8023.
Voluntary Dismissal.
8023.1.
Substitution of Parties.
8024.
Clerk's Duties on Disposition of the Appeal.
8025.
Staying a District Court or BAP Judgment.
8026.
Making and Amending Local Rules; Procedure When There Is No Controlling Law.
8027.
Notice of a Mediation Procedure.
8028.
Suspending These Part VIII Rules.

        

PART IX. GENERAL PROVISIONS

9001.
Definitions.
9002.
Meaning of Words in the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
9003.
Ex Parte Contacts Prohibited.
9004.
General Requirements of Form.
9005.
Harmless Error.
9005.1.
Constitutional Challenge to a Statute-Notice, Certification, and Intervention.
9006.
Computing and Extending Time; Motions.
9007.
Authority to Regulate Notices.
9008.
Service or Notice by Publication.
9009.
Using Official Forms; Director's Forms.
9010.
Authority to Act Personally or by an Attorney; Power of Attorney.
9011.
Signing Documents; Representations to the Court; Sanctions; Verifying and Providing Copies.
9012.
Oaths and Affirmations.
9013.
Motions; Form and Service.
9014.
Contested Matters.
9015.
Jury Trial.
9016.
Subpoena.
9017.
Evidence.
9018.
Secret, Confidential, Scandalous, or Defamatory Matter.
9019.
Compromise or Settlement; Arbitration.
9020.
Contempt Proceedings.
9021.
When a Judgment or Order Becomes Effective.
9022.
Notice of a Judgment or Order.
9023.
New Trial; Altering or Amending a Judgment.
9024.
Relief from a Judgment or Order.
9025.
Security; Proceeding Against a Security Provider.
9026.
Objecting to a Ruling or Order.
9027.
Removing a Claim or Cause of Action from Another Court.
9028.
Judge's Disability.
9029.
Adopting Local Rules; Limit on Enforcing a Local Rule; Absence of Controlling Law.
9030.
Jurisdiction and Venue Not Extended or Limited.
9031.
Using Masters Not Authorized.
9032.
Effect of an Amendment to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
9033.
Proposed Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law.
9034.
Sending Copies to the United States Trustee.
9035.
Applying These Rules in a Judicial District in Alabama or North Carolina.
9036.
Electronic Notice and Service.
9037.
Protecting Privacy for Filings.
9038.
Bankruptcy Rules Emergency.

        

PART X. [ABROGATED]

OFFICIAL FORMS [see United States Courts website]

APPENDIX: LENGTH LIMITS STATED IN PART VIII OF THE FEDERAL RULES OF BANKRUPTCY PROCEDURE

Effective Date; Application; Supersedure of Prior Rules; Transmission to Congress

Sections 2 to 4 of the Order of the Supreme Court, dated Apr. 25, 1983, provided:

"2. That the aforementioned Bankruptcy Rules shall take effect on August 1, 1983, and shall be applicable to proceedings then pending, except to the extent that in the opinion of the court their application in a pending proceeding would not be feasible or would work injustice, in which event the former procedure applies.

"3. That the Bankruptcy Rules, heretofore prescribed by this Court, be, and they hereby are, superseded by the new rules, effective August 1, 1983.

"4. That the Chief Justice be, and he hereby is, authorized to transmit these new Bankruptcy Rules to the Congress in accordance with the provisions of Section 2075 of Title 28, United States Code."