§980. Limitation on use of humans as experimental subjects

(a) Funds appropriated to the Department of Defense may not be used for research involving a human being as an experimental subject unless-

(1) the informed consent of the subject is obtained in advance; or

(2) in the case of research intended to be beneficial to the subject, the informed consent of the subject or a legal representative of the subject is obtained in advance.

(b)(1) The Secretary of Defense may waive the prohibition in this section with respect to a specific research project to advance the development of a medical product necessary to the armed forces if the research project may directly benefit the subject and is carried out in accordance with all other applicable laws.

(2) The Secretary may delegate the authority provided by paragraph (1) to the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering.

(Added Pub. L. 98–525, title XIV, §1401(c)(1), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2615 ; amended Pub. L. 107–107, div. A, title VII, §733, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1170 ; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title II, §212, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 183 .)

Editorial Notes

Prior Provisions

Provisions similar to those in this section were contained in the following appropriation acts:

Pub. L. 98–473, title I, §101(h) [title VIII, §8029], Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 1904 , 1929.

Pub. L. 98–212, title VII, §734, Dec. 8, 1983, 97 Stat. 1444 .

Pub. L. 97–377, title I, §101(c) [title VII, §737], Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1833 , 1857.

Pub. L. 97–114, title VII, §738, Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1585 .

Pub. L. 96–527, title VII, §739, Dec. 15, 1980, 94 Stat. 3088 .

Pub. L. 96–154, title VII, §741, Dec. 21, 1979, 93 Stat. 1159 .

Pub. L. 95–457, title VIII, §841, Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1251 .

Pub. L. 95–111, title VIII, §840, Sept. 21, 1977, 91 Stat. 906 .

Pub. L. 94–419, title VII, §739, Sept. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 1297 .

Pub. L. 94–212, title VII, §740, Feb. 9, 1976, 90 Stat. 175 .

Pub. L. 93–437, title VIII, §841, Oct. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 1231 .

Pub. L. 93–238, title VII, §743, Jan. 2, 1974, 87 Stat. 1045 .

Pub. L. 92–570, title VII, §745, Oct. 26, 1972, 86 Stat. 1203 .

Amendments

2023-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 118–31 designated existing provisions as par. (1) and added par. (2).

2001-Pub. L. 107–107 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1404 of Pub. L. 98–525, set out as a note under section 520b of this title.